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Sunday, 30 September 2018
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Sunday, 23 September 2018
About Atatürk; related questions
Atatürk
was a Turkish nationalist leader and founder and first president of the
republic of Turkey.
Mustafa
Kemal Atatürk was born in 1881 in Salonika (now Thessaloniki) in what was then
the Ottoman Empire. His father was a minor official and later a timber
merchant. When Atatürk was 12, he was sent to military school and then to the
military academy in Istanbul, graduating in 1905.
In
1911, he served against the Italians in Libya and then in the Balkan Wars (1912
- 1913). He made his military reputation repelling the Allied invasion at the
Dardanelles in 1915.
In
May 1919, Atatürk began a nationalist revolution in Anatolia, organising
resistance to the peace settlement imposed on Turkey by the victorious Allies.
This was particularly focused on resisting Greek attempts to seize Smyrna and
its hinterland. Victory over the Greeks enabled him to secure revision of the
peace settlement in the Treaty of Lausanne.
In
1921, Atatürk established a provisional government in Ankara. The following
year the Ottoman Sultanate was formally abolished and, in 1923, Turkey became a
secular republic with Atatürk as its president. He established a single party
regime that lasted almost without interruption until 1945.
He
launched a programme of revolutionary social and political reform to modernise
Turkey. These reforms included the emancipation of women, the abolition of all
Islamic institutions and the introduction of Western legal codes, dress,
calendar and alphabet, replacing the Arabic script with a Latin one. Abroad he
pursued a policy of neutrality, establishing friendly relations with Turkey's
neighbours.
In
1935, when surnames were introduced in Turkey, he was given the name Atatürk,
meaning 'Father of the Turks'. He died on 10 November 1938.
Where does
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk rank in the presidency of the Republic of Türkiye?
When Mustafa
Kemal Atatürk was born in Salonika, in which boundary of the land was it
located?
How did Mustafa
Kemal Atatürk make his military fame?
Against whom did
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk serve in Libya and later in the Balkan Wars?
What did Mustafa
Kemal Atatürk do in order to give a start to the nationalist revolution in
Anatolia?
How can we
define the meaning of “hinterland” in the text?
When was the
Ottoman Sultanate formally abolished?
How many years
did the single party regime last almost without interruption?
What did Mustafa
Kemal Atatürk do to modernise Türkiye?
What is the
English definition of the surname “Atatürk”?
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